2. World Development Indicators. This data focuses on the correlation between life expectancy and fertility rate, comparing data by country:

4. “Indefinite punishment and the criminal record: stigma reports among expungement-seekers in Illinois,” was conducted in 2016 by Simone Ispa, from the department of human development and social policy at Northwestern University, and Charles Loeffler, from the department of criminology at the University of Pennsylvania. This research focuses on a sample of 53 subjects who have “petitioned the courts to remove their criminal records from public view.” This information was gathered through interview data from a comparative study.